Combination and management of electric circuits and their application to railway signaling systems.



#L LEMRE.

COMBINATION AND MLNGEMBNT 0F .ELECTRIC GIBUI'S AND TEE-'EIR PPLIGATOE T0EAILWY SIGNALNG SYSTEMS.

AR'PLJGATIOE FILED 05T. 3, 1907.

I. LEMIRE.

COMBINATION AND MANAGEMENT 0F ELECTRIC GIECUITS AND THEIR APPLICATION TORAILWAY SGNAIQING SYSTEMS.

E., APPLICATION FILED 00T. 3, 1307, 90 L51 Figm I iii e., .n Dm m. #,Y.0 e MIE WL W M Wim, e @A ww mw Vl m 0 M W, T MMV@ v LEMERE.

GOMBINATIGN AND MANAGEMENT 0E ELBGTMG GIRGUHS AND THEIR APPLIGAToN ToRAELWAY SIGNALING SYSTEMS.

APPLIOATIGN HLED 00T. 3, 190'?.

Q Patented De@ 22, 1908. A7.; lg/h?, 8 SHnETS-SHELT 4. ,.Z/@

' .ua z5: C53/ Y 'a y a 6" MHZ ZJ A INVENTUR.'

wm/5355: 20 cf Q Z.' El? Joseph Lam/aiu@7 X HSA omver,

J. LEMIRE. COMBINATION AND MANAGEMENT 0F ELECTRIC CIRCUITS AND THEIRAPPLICATION T0 RAILWAY SIGNALING SYSTEMS.y APPLICATION FILED 00T. 3,1907.

907 ,6 1 4 Patented Dec. 22, 1908. A F* XV s SHEETS-SHEET 5.

@ QD S 6 77a 7i l 0 .t I wf 72 f Hfs A fr0/ver. A

J. LEMIRE. COMBINATION AND MANAGEMENT 0I' ELECTRIC CIRCUITS AND THEIRAPPLIGATION TO RAILWAY SIGNALING SYSTEMS.

APPLIoATIoN FILED 00T. s, 1997. 907,614.

FILE; e SHEETS-SHEET /NVE/VTOH: f 72 Joseph Lemire,

H/s ATTORNEY.

Patented 1390.221908 yrnvnrnn sfrrrrns retratar cierren fos'P'H LEMIRE,or nnuirnonnvitilr, Quaero, CANADA.

consumieron' .me maman-enr orienteren traseras aan terminos 'IO AILWYSGNALING SYSTEMS.

raten-tea nee. :22, ieee.

Application le otooer 8, 1907. Serial No. 395,911.

To all whom it my concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH LEMIRE, a subject of the King of GreatBritain, residing at Drummondville, in the county of Drummond in. theProyince of Quebec, Canada, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in4 Combination and Management of Electric Circuits andtheir Application to Railway Signaling Systems; and I do hereby declarethe following to be a full', clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

The general object of my invention is, by make, or break, of an electriccurrent in or under a condition of entire safety, to bring intooperation a current of Greater electromotive force and to control thisto do work, as desirable, or desired. 5

My invention consists, broadly, in the combination of three elements,namely, two electric circuits, one having a current of lower pressurethanv the other and break, or make, in which brings into action` theother, and mechanism for managing the current ci this other andvdirectinOr its action.

The object of the invention, as here ap`- plied and illustrated, isv toafford safety and protection inv railroads to the' public and 'to therailroad'corporations themselves, abs0- lutely preventingcollisions,-head on, or 1ear-end,-and eliminating accident incident to abroken, or misplaced, rail, or the removal oi a rail, to an open switch,or bridge; to the projection of a train from a siding onto the maintrack; to the carelessness, or incas parity of a station attendant,agent, or operator; to a fog, or smoke; to color-blindness inanengine-driver, or so-called engineer g or to his being asleep, ordead; and so forth; and it consists, therefore, also, in thesubject-mat# ter substantially a's described and ciaimed.

The characteristic Jfeature of the invention, as here applied, is thatthe signal is, normally,

. at Danger andwill automatically indicate Safety only when break, ormake,in an electric .circuit finds a predetermined condition at anotherpart thereof; in the present case, the illustration of the inventivabeing that the signal (in this instance semaphore) resting normally atDanger will move auto-I matically to show Sa-fety,"1 or Clear only when,with roper connections in order, the electric trac -c1rcuit, when brokenat one part, is found closed at every other.

In. the accompanying drawings, 'forming a part of this' specication',and in whichlike letters and' other marks' or reference indicate likeparte, I have shown one system, as an example, for carrying my inventioninto eect on a single track; (though, oicou'rse it', is, also',apj'licable to' a double track), and' onev examp e, each, of variousdevices by which my system, 'as here illustrated, may' bez operated;and, in these drawings- Figures i and Il are gfenerarviews in diagram,showing an appropriate arrangement of devices suitable for the system,Fig. Il being, at its iirst portion, a reproduction of the latterportion of Fig. I, but, otherwise, a continuation of Fig. l., theiigures together eX- hibitino a track and sidings divided in blocks andsuo-blocks and indicating low-pressure track batteries and their relays,trackswitches and their alarms, signals, highl A'the signal motor'through a mechanically op` erated' current directing instrument, to'-Vgethei with electrical connection for the several parts. Fig. il? is aview in side eleva tion, with parts broken away, showing a form ofswitch-stand of the invention together with an alarm device andinstrumeir talities for sounding the sanieunder predetermined conditionof the switch. FigzV is a view, in perspective, of the switch-standshown' in Fig. lV. Fig. Vl is a plan view of the motor for operating thesignal, and the several parts operatively associated therewith. Fig. Vilis a view in side elevation of the signal operating motor and partsassociated therewith. Fig. VIH is a perspective view of the deviceemployed in connection ment to the'signal operating motor. Fig.

here in dotted lines shown, the left appropriate wiring therefor.

' magnet-trame.

IX is a fragmentary view in vertical longitu- 'dinal section taken online X-X of Fig. VI,

and-looking from right to left showing lthe weighted drum with aneccentric on its end next the power wheel, and the sector on tro-magnetsin pairs, and the armature to each pair, with relative position of thearmature to the instrument. Fig. XII is a side elevation taken from thelett of Fig. XI showing the base, magnet-frame thereon,

binding posts, hinged armature, and instrument on the rear face of theback plate of the Fig. XIII isa view in elevation looking at rear taceof the back-plate of the magnet frame, showing the instrument thereonwith its two groups of mechanism, one on each side, each group to actfrom its respective sub-block oi track and relative to and through theother grou as and group, or group on the right of this view, being indirect action. Fig. XIV is a view in diagram, showing the electriccircuits of the instrument. Fig. XV is, a view in elevation, showing theiront ot' an indicator-and-stationsignal-managing device ot' myinvention, suitable for employment in my system, and F ig. XVI is a viewin elevation, showing the back ol my indicator-and station-'signalmanaging device and the proper wiring therefor. Fig. XVII is aperspective view, showing the left-hand turn post, segment, and suitchdislf., (appearing at the right in lFig. XVI) displaying therelative positions ol the seg- .rnent and disk on the post.

railway track is divided into electrically separate blocks of any properlength, a mile for instance, each, with sidmgs and switches, as usual.Each block has, at one end, a low pressure battery, and at the otherend, a relay, as shown. horld there be a short circuit in any way, as bya passing train, car from broken train, open switch, or a broken circuitas by broken or loose rail, broken wire, open bridge or the like, thecurrent will not pass throi gh the coils of the electromagncts of therelay, and the armature will 'l he siding will bc divided into blocks,though, generally, of' much less lngih than the blocks of the maintrack,-with wire connections to the main track, so that a track batterywill be short circuited and the line broken, if a train on the siding beinadequately far from the main track; furthermore, the switches on thesiding are in electric connection with the mainconbacts for; thesub-block immediately in advance, and

another, through the armatures of the relays 'u hen a train g'ets onthat sub-block, should a s'witch between that semaphorea'ndat first oneto the rear havey been leftinsecurely fastened, current is brought fromthe., highpressure battery of that semaphore' tra-ring the bell wherebyimmediate warning is given at the switch.

At the-side, or sides, ofthe track, in a position near the 'adjacentends of two blocks, are arranged signals, electrically connected throughthe relay. by a wire uhich constitutes the line wireand conveys currentfrom a high-pressure battery from one signal to u hen these are closedand the circuit is completef Between adjacent blocks of the track aretwo sub-blocks, each, of about a thousand feet in len th, and insulatedat both ends. Like the block, each subblock has a lowpressure sub-blocktrack-battery at one end and a relay at the other end, the relay being ylocated atthe. signal and the end of the subblock next the othersub-block of thepair. 'l his relay acts in a manner directly opposite tothe main line relays, that is to say, :when in its normal or closedposition, it breaks the main electric circuit, and when in openposition, permits closing of the main electric circuit. Brieiiy, uhenthe track-circuit 'of a sub-block is not broken, the armature isattracted and held against spring pressure, such spring pressure, actingupon release of the armature-due to breaking or short-circuiting of thesub block track circuit-to raise the armature and cause certain primarycontact points to come together' and certain secondary contact points toseparate, the

main contact points connecting through a 105 signal is not seen, anadditional battery is 115 placed at the signal, one pole connecting iwith a short bar in the track at the signal and the other with one sideof the track, its terminals being so positioned that they will closewhen the semaphore is at Dangen 120 whereby when a locomotive is-provided with a metallic brush to contact with the bar, and a siren Aorother signal arranged and connected to be operated bythe closing of thecircuit, an alarm will/be' sounded on the loco- 12,-5y i motive. It isto be borne in mind that the signal is, normally, to be Danger, and thesemaphore is to show Clear only so long as .the train is inthe incomingsub-block,

-to indicate the -safe vcondition of the adja- 130v 'lhe device byvihich the current 110 end the ernietnre l `sub-lilorlr lint .blocks c,I -wires connecter .sub-bloei; electr f5, f6. These pairs of electro-niVhy their armatures, vto exert cent sub-block .in .edvenee- The motorwill be out out end the signal return to normal Bangor position es soones the trein enters the adjacent sulofblock in advance.

Stetions will be located elong the track, @zich between two semephores,end provided with s tell-tele-semephoreend station-sig.- nel-controllingdevice, which, for short, may be celled .e switch-hoard, vthisswitch-board always .heilig located between the high Dressnre hettery.end the ,particular seinep lore to which it epperteins. The purpose ofthe switchboard is to .advise the station agent or" the approach of etrein, and the position. et en scent semaphore, and to enehle himthereupon to let .the trein advise itself, that is, let the signeiindicate whether to proceed, or not, end to enable him to stop e treineven though the signal may h .'cete e clear passage, or let it proceedes tar es the stetion, even though the sign-olmny he to stop.-

Beieriiing to the drawings, A Vdesignates the blocks, ftheblock-batteries, end o2 the 4relays. The positive poles or" theblockbatteries are connected by wire to either side ofthe track, but allin accord, es, here, by wire a, to the ier side, the other pole by wireto the other, es by wire ci. The relays have one end their coils, es -hywire of, connected with the one side of the track and the other end, esby wire o, connected with the other, whereby, :is common to relays, thecurrent will be tln'ough the wire loe cttrected `ind it will be obviousthet, ii there be any l 'efeliof the current in the treclz., es hyshort-c' cuiting through the wheelsienci axles of e passing trein, or ehrolen, er loose, rail, the ermeture will cesse to be attracted. Thesidings marked 'B ere also d ded into blocks, though generelly, cicourse into shorter blocks, which inev he suitelvly connected to theadjacent hlcrl olf the nisin track; The wire t2 is conne to siding, andoperates. to sh the block-bnttery, whenever the s s irog against the theincita trecli, when there is e so-celled vopen "ihesuh-liloe s i thesuhftilocl; hntti respectively, c, d, magnets in fun breek ot e circuitnierlzel ct, tit A s to these sub-blocks, t i le sun-block electroset inpairs, nire ires connecting the he rails ci' the suh- :and j, ff; sindthe 'th ti @nets i cons mechanical force and, with one armature for eachpair, ere zirrfinged in double piirs et veach each pnir to e respectivesub-block, ritmes c7,f, placed upon n besceutometicelly I hed C, D, E,F,"

causing moire or plete, cs, f3. The frames have front pistes, such es c,upon which lare hinged independently of each other, the ermetures, suches 010,051", lone to each pair of electro-magnets, and e back plate,such es c, provided Witll two openings c12 and d, th righ each one 4ofwhich the free end of e respective armature c1", d10, of the re: iectivepair of magnets c2, 'd2 protrude. `7the signal em ployed in connectionwith the present e peretus is marked G, its semaphore g, en the rodconnected thereto g.

Snitebly errenged et the sidings are switches, each preferably adaptedto give alarm should it be lett in insecure condition. A form ot'switch, here applicable, is shown in Figs. Il, lV, and V oi thedrawings, sind is connected with e. hell to ground. l The switch ismarked H, end the bell H2. The switch consists ol" stationery support,or body, lt, having en angular recess if, in its top, end e circularrecess .7b3 in its bottom connected, centrally, hy e tubular opening it,shaft h5, angular et its upper pert, but cylindrical in the rest ol itslength, extending through the body end carrying, fixed' to its lowerend, e circuler ,plete it, which its loosely in the circuler recess inthe bottoni oi' the stationery support, and hes e pin 171,7 on its undersurface, toward its periphery, to which is pivoted the usuel her to thetre-olireil; furthermore, of nn angular heed LS, provided, in front,with e downward-projecting vhorn Il? und, behind, `with e staple, or elug, h1, perforated neer its outer end, the heed L-s having en engulerneck le. fitting into the angular recess if, in the top of thestationary support, ,end there being, centrally, an angular opening itlongitudinelly through the heed end the neck, by which the heed isiitted free to slide up and down on the angular upper part or' theshaft; furthermore, of :in operating-lever 7N pivoted, et its front end,in -thctop ol the shelit and, et each side, to e stra-p 7i, which, inturn, is pivoted to the side ojl the heed 5 end, finally, in connectionwith the stationery support, n casing it, heving, within, hut insulatedfrom it, two sets ci contacteer) f itl", la, connected, respectively,witi tno bell end with e line-circuit, and containing everticnh,spring-seated rod, or plunger, t, hearing, insulated troni it,nv nietellic colle-r t", to cont-ect with'the upper springs :ind passcurrent to the hell und to ground when the op'v ating lever, or switchhendle, is lnot fastened, but sy rung up, that is, when the switch, nsusually expressed, is open, es

, in the exemple here s'jiipezrring, or through t the coder to line,

lll)

iso"

yao

marked 2, are held between angle-plates 3, 1, fixed upright on the base.A swinging 'armature 3, taking, on release, against a buHer-spring 3,has, pivoted to it, centrally, one end of an actuating-rod 7, the otherend being pivoted to an arm s fixed to and extending downward from thelower part of a solid drum 3, turning, or rather, free to oseillate, ona cross-shaft 10, which is journaled at its ends, in uprights, orpillars, 11, 12, of which the one @'11'at the drum has a stop-bar @'13,another arm 11 weighted at the top extending u ward from the upper partof the drum an always leaning toward thc armature, serving to throw thedrum over, downward and backward, and, by the other arm 8 and the rodi?,pull away the armature on its release, also giving the drum a sudden imulse; and the rod 7 having, between its en s, an adjustable cross-head,chuck, or block 15, provided with alaterally-extending pin 13,adjustable both longitudinally and 'up and down by being fixed in thecrosshead. The drum has, cut or applied on, its'inner end aneccentric,or cam, 17, and upon the eccentric is fitted, at its narrow end, asector 18, having a' pin 19 to take upon the stop-bar 13. Power wheel20, is secured on the crossshaft, 10, at a position just beyond the ec'centric, 17, and is provided with a recess, 21, in which the sector, 13,lies fiat. When the drum with the eccentric is turned upward by themovement of the parts upon attraction of the armature, the eccentric,engaging the sector, moves the same outwardly to engage the rim of thewheel, 20, and at the same time upwardly, thereby giving the wheel apartial rotation. Upon release of the armature, the weighted arm, 11,drops quickly,causing the sector' to be moved downwardly and away fromthe rim of the wheel and in a position to re'ngage the arm upon the nextat'- traction of the armature. The falling of the weighted arm andreceding of the sector is accomplished instantaneously so that there isnot sullicient time to permit of the return of the wheel, 30, and itsconnected signal before the armature is again attracted and anotherimpulse given to the sector. To the power wheel is pivoted theactuating-rod, g2. The mechanical part of this device constitutes a verypowerful mechanical movement. As the sector 18 must be given astep-by-step motion, to move the power-wheel, provision is made formake-andbreak of the current, even when thed circuitis otherwisesteadily complete.

From the magnets 3, a wire 22 leads to a fixed termiiial 23, on .aninsulating slab 24. On this insulating slab is a metallic rock-box, orblock 25, from which a wire 23 leads-to the outflow post 27. The box ispivoted longitudinally ofthe base and free to oscillate, has

an upward-extending contact-spring, constituting a movable terminal, 33,opposite the iixed terminal and in contact with it, when the box is notpushed up, and an inward-extending hand 23, like a right-hand with theback upward and only the indexfinger 3 extended, bearing a U-shapedleaf, set slanting downward with the bow up, one leg 31 of the U beingfixed upon the back of the hand and the other free end formingJ a spring3'2 extending downward upon and eyond the finger, 13, upon attraction ofthe armature and the finger 30, and under the spring 32, Ibetween thefinger and the spring, holding the finger down, and thus the box 23,keeping the terminals 23, 133 in contact, until the pin passes and issnapped downward off the hnger by the spring, which, then, pressingagainst the pin, raises the box and throws the terminals out, ofcontact, whereupon, on release of the armature and movement backward ofthe rod by the weighted arm of the ger terminals out of contact, vuntilthe finger slips ranged, as shown, with their movements timed, so thatcontact 1s broken the mstant nets and, through the parts, the make andbreak of current and the weight give the drum and, thus, thewheel-moving sector'a succession of impulses. l

There may be a device J, generally to give an alarm on the locomotiveshould the signal be at danger and, for any reason, not be seen by theengine-driver. rhis consists of a small battery, at each semaphore,marked the positive pole of which is connected with ,short bars jz, j3at the sub-blocks, and the other pole, through spring-contacts 4, 3,with one or the other of the rails of the subblocks, as shown in Fig. 1.The contacts are held apart by the powerwheel of the motor when thesignal is clear; but are together when the signal is at danger. Should,now, a train pass while the signal is at danger, then, by a brush fromthe locomotive, the current may be taken from the bar, such as an alarm,on the locomotive, as by means of a relay, opening a siren on thelocomotive. The point, now, is, by the current from the high-pressurebattery, automatically to effect protection. instrument, orcurrent-director, K, which is the same for each semaphore, so thatdescription of one will suffice. It is placed on the rear face of thebacksplate C11 of the magneteframe. This instrument consists ,of twolike -groups K3, K3, one on eachvside of the i plate, one for eachsub-block, each acting,

the pin 13 on the cross-head` To this end, l have devised thev movementforward of the rod 1, taking over drum, the pin passes back and, astheiinger is raised with the box, passes under the finey holding it andthe box up, keeping the'90 oil?, when the box drops, and the terminals iagain come into contact; the parts being ar-` 95 the armature touchesthe cores of the mag- 3 irst group; This group, upon .the right of theside and marked, respectively, 7623,

being longerthan its to conform plate, set vertically,

and protruding inward-from these are .Ine-v iuitialiy, from its and withthe other.

Referring, particularly, to Fig. Kill and given, let the group l@ be.considered the while appearing is reversed, of course, t e left group othe instrument. Placed, flat, upon the rear face of the back-plate oithe magnet-frame are two vertically-arran ed bars k, k2, pivoted attheir lower ends to tlie inner ends of two latemily-arranged straps k3,kt, which, in turn, are vpivoted at their outer ends to the plate. Thebars are provided with seats c, k", upon which bear and rest, normally,the outer ends of the respective armatures 01 d10, of the 'respectiveelectro-magnets c2, d2, of the subblocks C, D, these armaturesprotruding through the openings in the back-plate of the magnet-frame;and, at their upper ends, the bars have, each, a vertical slot, thevertical slot of the bar c being -marked le? and that of the bar c2-being marked las; while, toward their lower ends', the bars areprovided, each, With two studs, marked, respectively c?, f, and la, k12.At the upper part of 'the plate are two bent arms 7513 le, each'consisting 'of at the elbow to the backplate. Each arm has a pin in itsfore-arm, by which it is pivoted in the slot of its res ective bar, and,when the bar is down, the ore-arm will be pulled downward and the armrocked outward upon the pivot at its elbow. The pins are marked,respectively, le, 7cm. At each' side of the is, a block of insulation,

tallic springs, in pairs. The lower 'pairs of springs of the first groupare marked le, k1", and have their upper springs bearing respectively,against the studs ks, 1cm; while the lower pairs of the springs of ltheother group, marked le, k2", have their upper springs bea-ring, resectively, against the studs le, k12. lmme iately above the upper stud ofeach bar is another paira of springs, the pair above the stud of the barof the first group being marked le, and the other pair la, and, abovethese pairs of springs, are two further pairs of springs, one pair forezch rlhese pairs oi springs, after projecting inward, curve upward tothe shoulderieces of the arms', the upper spring of eac i pair fellowand, of the pair '1523, the upper spring bearing against a stud k on theshoulder-piece of the arm le, and the other upper spring bearing againsta stud k2 on the shoulderfpiece of the arm 7cm.

TheA action of the device is as follows: Both armatures being attractedand both bars down, should the bar of the first group,

to the illustration hereafter gpre, is, as the )late aislioulder-pieceand afore-arm. and pivote'd eubblock, but 'each euer dinate with theother, that is, acting through that (is, thebar Jr, u on release of thearrrrau ture which held it own by bearing' on the seat c, rise bypressure of the upper sprin' s et the 'spring-pairs k, cf against its'stage lc", km, this causes separation of the upper and lower springs ofthese pairs, brings to gather the springs of the pair k and by re leaseoilA the fore-arm of the arm k, the

, raised bar ceasing to pull it down by the in and rock thearm outward,brings toget er the springs of the pair 7c, the up er sprin of this pairalso rocking the arm li inwar and projecting its fore-arm somewhatacross the'upper part of the opening in the backplate for the free endof the 'armature of the opposite side and over this out of the way. Botharmatures being attracted and the bars down, should the bar of the oposite group rise, the action would be just t e samel for that group.Should the armature and the bar of either group rise, whilev those ofthe other are up, the end of the fore-arm of the group of the armaturelast rising would take against the risen armature of the other group andthus, prevent movement of the arm and coming together of its pair ofupward curved s rings, the bar having risen nevertheless, by s iding, byits slot, on the pin in the forearm. Thus, should the armature 11holding down the b'ar- 7a2, be released, while the 'armatura c1 and barlc are up, the bar k2, by sliding on the pin in the lore-arm of the armle, would rise, letting the spring-pairs 7c, 7a2, separate, and closingrthe spring-pair 71122,' but the arm k would be held from rocking inwardby the end of its fore-arm takin against the risen armature c1 of thefirst si e, and the s rin s of the pair 7c would be held apart. S ou dthe armature of the first grou now be attracted, it cannot fall, beinghe d by the arm k. until the armature of the second group is attracted,whereby its arm by the bar is pulled away and reflexaction is prevented.But all the springls serve at times as electric contact-points, t ofughseine, as seen, have mechanical function, as well.

1t will be observed that the base,'on which theinstrument-electro-magnets and the instrument are sup orted, is providedwith ten binding-posts. 3f these, C13, c, d, d, and, on the nextsemaphore, e7, es, f", f1, are for the respective track-wires ci', c,d5, d", e5, c, f5, f", connectin" with their sub-b ock-electro-magnets.The second binding-post from each end isa post for the mainsemaphore-line L, that is, the line which connects the semaphores, andhas in it the relays from the track-batteries, and these osts aremarked, res ectively,-Z, Z2, the post Zein for the line to t e advancesemahore', anV the posts".2 for the line coming rom the next semaphoreto the rear; the bindingpost at the extreme left and the thirdbinding-post from the right, marked,

from the left end, marked ma, is to ground, X.

Now, the action is as follows: Suppose a train to enter the sub-block C,This at once short-circuitsl the battery c, cuts the current.

to the electro-magnets c2, and releases the armature c1" of the bank ofelectro-magnets c2, whereupon the bar lc, of the first group of theinstrument K, rising by pressure of the upper springs of the lower pairsk", le, separating these, brings the springs of the springair .1c21 and703 int-o contact, and current rom the high-pressure battery is by thefeed- Wire m to the extreme right-hand post and, thence, by Wire la, tothe spring-pair k, thence, by the wire l, to the spring-pair k2 oftheopposite grou at this semaphore, and, thence, by the wire g5 tothesecond bindingpost Z 1from the right, to the line L, tofthesecond-binding post Z2 from the left of the Virst group of the nextsemaphore in advance, and, thence, by the line l to the. lower'contactspring-pair le of the first group of the next semaphore, to the secondspring. pair- Kl of the other group, and by vire I-l2 to the thirdbinding-post m3 from the left of the first group of the said semaphorein advance, and to ground X(that'is, if all is clear between thesemaphores), completing the circuit, bringing the motor into action, andmoving the iirst semaphore.

In addition to the current passing through the springair k2! to the mainsemaphore 1 line L, it a so passes by the upward curved spring-pair 7cand by line H5 to the post at the extreme left h2 and thence to theswitchline H3, back to supply current to the alarm circuit at the switchstand and thereby protect the switches. lf the entrance of a trainshould be, initially, into 'the sub-block D,

the action would be preciselythe same as in the present case, exceptingthat it would be in the opposite direction, and the semaphore in advancewould be the first semaphore in the opposite direction. Should,

. now, the train pass into the sub-block D,

while part .of it is still in thel sub-blo 3k C', as both pairs of lowercontact-springs of each group would `be open, even though thespring-pairs 7c, 7c" would be closed, thecurrent of the high-pressurebattery would be cut, the ymoorvtould no longer act, and the semaphorewould fall to indicate danger;

but it will be remembered that, when the pair of u Ward-curved springsis closed, current is a so to them and, while it is proper that the srings of the upward-curved spring-pair 2 shouldclose to send currentback to protect the switches, yet, if the upward-'curved spring-pair kofA the opposite -now gets entirely into sub-block D, as, the

group should close, current would get through the switch-line of thatgroup, by the ,main semaphore-line to ground and overlap would' thus-move the semaphore. lt is to avoid this that the fore-arm `of the groupintv'hich the bar rises secondarily, takes against the risen armature ofthe group in which` tlflebar rose first and keeps the springs of theupward-curved spring-pair apart. As the train bar of this group is stillup, the fore-arm of the arm 7c1 of this group continues to press againstthe armature clo of the first group and keeps it from falling, uponattraction, so that the upper Contact-springs of the pair of the firstgroup remain open7 and both bars remain up until the train leaves thesub- -block D toward the sub-block E, which obviates the sending of acurrent back thro ugh the group of the sub-block C to the semaphore nextin the rear, as if the train had entered the sub-block D initially. Asthe train enters the sub-block of the next semaphore, the current is, ofcourse, forward over the: main line -to the, next semaphore in advance,and backover the switch-line H? to y this semaphore. It will beunderstood that, al train comingl from the opposite direction, actionWill be, in every respect, justthe reverse. i

'Placed ,between some two signals is the station and, preferably, beyondthe switches of the adjacent semaphore, between thehighpressure batteryof that signal and the sig-f nal; vand into this station, I mayintroduce my tell tale semaphore and station-signalmanaging-device NThis device consists of' a wooden board n, having, at its bottom, sixbinding-posts, instead of tem-no track-v wires acting directly on thisdevice,-and the feed-wire m from the high-pressure batteryv passesdirectly to a ost m2", carryingthe .current through the dlevice and outthrough a vpost m4 to the continuation of the feed-line mito the motor,back by the post Z7 and out 110 through the post Z8 to thesemaphore-line in advance, the ost le being for the main semaphore-lineor the semaphore in advance, but coming the other way, 'and thebindingpost m4. being fdr the battery-line m5 to 11s ground Y. l

Toward the top of the board, infront, are two tell-tale Se'xnaphoresp21/t3, in rece'sses` under glass, thc one n2 being of thestationsemaphore, and the other n3 of" the sema- 12o phore ahead,supposing the train to be moving from right to eft. Above thesetell-tale semaphores are their electro-magnets n4, n,

`and armatures n, a7, and the actuating-rods ns, n", from these, therebeing one set or these magnets and one armature for eachtell-tale-semaphore, and each armature being movable'independen'tly ofthe other." i

Below the tell-tale-semaphores, arranged on a'metallic plate nl",practically insulated by- 13D y eene-te i ters e, alt. (niet is, s,img-knee armatures with their hammers an cvetactfspriess) eed.

insulated vibrator-posts n, nl, having ade justing -screWs n, a,the'gong n, being between the vibrators.. At the top of the plate n is acontact-screw n2", connecting with the plate, the vibrator-postsconnecting, through the vibrators, with the plate and from thecontact-screw to ground, all about as usual.

Two arc-shaped racks n, n, one on each side of the gong, are setupright, and have marked, opposite their centers, the Word ellj oppositetheir lower ends, the word Automatic, and, opposite their upper ends,the word ^Danger.' Two handlevers, or electric switch-keys, n2, n, have,respectively, hangers, or legs, 11,25, n2", with curved insulated feet,11,27, a, where they would touch each other, and, at their inner ends,are iixed upon the outer, or front, ends, respectively,l of turn-postsn2, n3, free to be turned in either direction, but limited in motion bythe racks through which their hand-levers extend; and each turn-post ispositioned, normally, with its hand-lever and the contacts which itcarriles, as shown inl Fig. XY, for the belLeither lever being capae bleof movement to Bell, while the other is there, or elsewhere, to make itpossible for .the bell to ring, as a warning,` from both sides, fromeither side, or from one side only,

either lever being capable of movement to Dangenv while the other isthere, or else- Where, breaking the circuit from both sides, or fromeither side, as to stop trains, or a train, even though, without this,the signal might mark clear,but, by provision of the hangers, or legs,and their feet, incapable of movement to Auto1natic, while the other isthere, to obviate counter, or opposing, currents and inaction, the oneside being at .Automatic, the other, whether at Bell, or at Danger, ifthe line is broken in advance, takingthe current to the bell (as shownin lf ig. XVI). Pushdiuttons am, ai, one for each sidc, have the wordClear marked over them, and arc to enable the station-agent to groundthe current through the motor, when broken in advance, and unbrokenbetween the station and the train, that is, there being no dangerbetween train and station and, thus, cause the semaphore to move andmake the signal clear, as to bring' ari-incomingT train, blocked on thesub-block, up to the station.

Fixed on the cxtreme back, or inner end of the turn-posts an", ailbutfrom or by them insulated,-are segmental contactmakers-and-breakers71,33, ai, set with their cut-oil positions, or chords, upward, and, infront of these, free from them, are flat, circular-plates, nr metallicdisks, divided, approprietelr, .inte entiers, inte three. sections,initiate @astiene c3-" et", lowermst Sections, as', a, and sppermesteeetiels a, am. all suitably insulated to constitute en electric.switchfplate. Vfairs of contact-.springs a, a, extend downward, slantinginward from an insulating-block (such as a wooden block' above,respective-ly, to the sides of each segment n3?, n, both springs beingin Contact with their respective segments, when its hand-lever isstraight outward from its post, that is, at Bell, or when turned down toAutomatic, but the inner spring, 'being out of contact with itsrespective segment, when the hand-lever of this segment, is pushed up toDangen 'l'wo insulated, hat, bifurcated, metallic contactfsprings, ortwo-timed forks, n, n, each having its tines of different lengths,extend upward from the yinner-face; of the board, to and upon the facesof their respective disks, toward the inner edges Sie thereof, and havetheir longer ltines in constant and sole contact with the middle sec-vtion of their respective disks, and their shorter tines, upon movementof the disk to Au'tomatic, capable of contact with the lowest sections,and the middle sections of their respective disks, but neither tine eteither fork ever coming into contact with en uppermost section thereof.Two further ifn-f sulated' fiat, bifurcated, metallic contact-l springsor two-tincd forks, each with tines of `different lengths, these secondbifurcated springs or forks being marked n, n, extend upward from theinner face 0f the board to and upon the faces of their respective disks,

toward the outer edges thereof, the short-er tine in constant contactand sole contact with the lowest section of the disk and the longer tineupon movement of the Vdisk to Automatic, capable of Contact also withthe uppermost section of the disk. .lNiree a and a connect one of theouter fork springs with the semaphore line in advance.

Extending downward from the inner face of the board upon the faces ofthe disks, toward the inner edges thereof, are two insulated, flat,plain, metallic contact-springs n, n.5, each contactspring capable, uponmovement of the disks to Bell, or of one disk to Autoniatid of Contactwith the middle'scction of its disk, upon movement of either or bo'thdisks to Danger, of com tact with tho uppermost section. Further' moreextending downward from the innericc when

or key at Belh the first lower, or i a disk, as properlyset, has itslever-han le,

er fork spring, with both its tines, and the irst or inner, upper ilatspring are on the middle section (the second lower or outer, forkspring, with both tines, on the lowest section, and the second, orouter, iiat spring, of course, on the uppermost section); when atAutomatic, the `tirst fork spring has its long tine on the middlesection and its short tine on the lowest section, the second fork springhas its short tine on the lowest section and its long tine on theuppermost section, and the 'lirst or inner, upper lat spring is on themiddle section, functionally, between the `irst lower fork spring andthe middle section, keeping in the resistance of the bell-magnets, andshort circuit is afforded from the 'first fork spring n across thelowest section to the second fork spring n and wires n", n, by post Z8to the main semaphore line in advance, or, if the line is broken, stillto let the bell ring; or, the short tine of the 'lirst fork spring beingon the lowermost section, the second fork spring having its short tineon the lowermost section and its long tine, with the second upper iiatspring (as ever) on the uppermost section,- though the iirst upper ilatspring is also there,-if the respective push button be pressed shortcircuit is ai'i'orded from -i'irst fork spring "a4" across the lowestsection to the short tine of the second forked, to its long tine, bythis to the uppermost section, and across this to the second upper flatspring and from this by connection with the push-button springs andscrew ngo and wire to ground Y, all as shown in F ig. XVI; while, when adisk is at .Dangen its lirst spring has both tines on the lowestsection,

i and both upper springs aro on the uppermost section, so that thecurrent through the disk, well as through the segment, is broken.

Suppose the train to enter the sub-block E upon which the illustrationin Pig. II of the drawings is founded. llron the source of power by theline m, to the second bindingost from the left fm2, the handle being atBell, the current passes by the post 7 to the fork-spring n, from it tothe middle scction lfr ot' the disk, thence by the relativo upper llatspring ai, to thebell-magnets n, thence tothe vibrator-post n, and bythis Vil rat npost through the vibrator -to the upper part ol' themetallic plate rt to the screw )ost nl, and by the wire to ground Y.Upon hearing the bell, on this side, the station-agent, or operator,pushes the key down to Automatic, and the main line, in advance as wellas behind closed, the current passes from the short. tine of thelorkfspring n4 and by the lowest section n olA the disk, by theshort-circuit across this section, to the relative lower spring 17,45,and from this, by wire n, to the wire 11,48, and thence by thebinding-post ZB to the main semaphore-line L in'advance, if the line inadvance is closed, and, then, all connections being closed, thesemaphore moves. The action' will he the same -from tinel other side ifthe train first enters the section as will be seen from inspection ofFig.. XVI. It the operator sets the disk at Danger, or pushes thepushbutton of this side, the current is either broken, which leaves thesemaphore at Danger, or by the vibrator-post to ground, as will beobvious on inspection of Fig. XVI. Having thus fully described myinvention, and some of the means of carrying itinto ef'l'ect, what Iclaim and desire to secure by Letters-Patent is:

track divided l. The combination with a into sub-blocks, a signaleerating -circuit inf cluding an element of eac 1 independent circuit, aplurality of pairs of contacts in said signal operation circuit, andmeans controlled by each sub-block circuit for o ening the.

contacts of one pair and A,closing t ose of the remaining pairs.

2. The combination with a track divided into sub-blocks, of anindependent circuit for land closed upon varying conditions of thesubblock circuits. p x

3. The combination with a track divided into sub-blocks, of anindependent circuit for each sub-block including an electromagne-t, a

signal o erating circuit including the arma- "tures o the electromagnets o't each subblock, pairs of primary and secondary contactsdnsaid signal operating circuit being controlledby the rising and fallingof the armatures ol' the electro magnets in adjacent sub-blocks.

4. The combinationl with a track divided into sub-blocks, oil anindependent cli-cuit for,`

each sub-block, a signal operating circuit including an element ol'Aeach independent subblock circuit, pairs ol' rimary and secondarycontacts arranged in t ie signal operating circuit lor each sub-block,and instrumentalities l'or moving the semaphore upon the closing ol' thepair olA primary contacts oi' one sub-block and 'the pair ol' secondarycontacts ol the sub-block next in advance.

5.- l n a signalii'ig system, the combination with a track, ol a signal,and a continuously, intermittently step-lrr-stcp operated motor formoving said signahsaid motor being actuated bya current moving always inthesame direction, said signal being returned to normal position by theaction of gravity.

6..` In a signaling system, the combination witlia track,`of a signal,and a continuously,

stepby step loperated 'electric motor forv moving said signal, saidmotor being actuated by a current moving always inthe saine direction,said signal' being returned to normal position by t-he action ofgravity.

,7. In a signaling system, the combination .A withi a track', of altrackcircuit, asignal, a

continuously, s tep-by-step operated electiiccontinuously, step-.by-stepoperater'l lmotor foi' moving said signal, the actuation of said Amotorbeing. dependent on conditions in the motor for moving said signal, theactuation of said motor being dependent on conditions in the,trackcircui'a and effected by a currentdevice independent of theelectro-magnet for moving always in the same direction.

9. In a signaling' system, the combination Witlia track, of a signal, amotor ioroperating said si said means being dependentona current movinalways in' the same directiomsaid signal eing returned to normalposition by 'motor' for operating said signal, -means for giving themotor a continuous, step-by-step movement, lsaid means being de )endenton thecoiiditions inthe track circuit ier its operation, and effected bya current moving always inthe same direction.

1 1. In a-signaling system, the combination witlna track, of a signal, asignal operating' circuit 'liaving a continuous current passingtherethrough and always in the same direcy tion when closed-` a motorfor moving the signal iron1' 'danger position to clear and means forgiving an intermittent actuation to said motor by lmeans of 'saidcontinuous current ofthe signal operating circuit, saidsignal beingreturned to normal position by the action of gravity.' 1 12. In asignaling system, the combination with a 4trac-k, of a signal, a motorfor oper- 'atingsaid' signal, means for actuating said motor, anelectro-magnet independent of said motor, instrnmentalitiesconnecting-said actuating means with the armature on saidelectro-magnet, and devices for closingthe circuit in which saidelectro-magnet is included, said circuit carrying a current movingalways in the same direction, said signal being returned to no rmalvposition by the action of gravity.

13; In a signaling system, the combination with a track, of a trackcircuit, a signal, a signal o erating circuit carrying a current movinga ways in the saine direction, an electromagnet included within saidsignal operating the si al. and means for giving the' motor acontinuous,step-by-st-ep movement,

circuit, a device inde endent of said electromagnet for moving t esignal, and connections between said device andthe armature of .thebeforementioned electro-magnet.l

14. 'In a signaling system, the combina tion with a track, of a trackcircuit, a signal, a sigingalways in the same direction, an electro.-magnet included within said signal operatin" circuit', connectionsbetween said device an the armature of the beforeinentioned electro'-upon t e conditions of the track circuiti with a track, of a signal, asignal operating the same direction, an .electro-magnet in- -cludedwithin said signal operating circuit, a

vmoving said signal, connections between said device and the armature ofsaid electro-niagsignal operating circuit, said signal being returned tonormal position by the action of gravity. f i

- 16. In a signaling system, the combination with a track, .of a signal,a signal operating circuit carrying a current moving always in the samedirection, an electro-magnet iii-l cluded within said signal operatingcircuit, a device independent of the electro-magnet for device and thearmature of the electro-magmoving said signal,.connections between saidnet, and means for; moving said armature toward and away from the coilof the electromagnet, said signal being returned to normal position bythe action of gravity.

v18A In a signaling system, the combination with a track, of a signal,asignal operating circuit car ing a current moving always in the. sameldyirection; an electro-magnet in- `cluded within said signal operatingcircuit, a .deviceY inde endent of the electro-magnet for moving saisignal, means for giving a backend-forth movement to the armature of theelectro-niagnet, and instrumentalities whereby the movement .of saidarmature shall cause a continuous, step-by-step actuation 'of the saiddevi e, said signal being returned l to normal posit'on by the action ofgravity.

nal operating circuit carrying a current -inovcircuit carrying a currentmoving always in pera/ting Y device and the armature of the electro-mag,

magnet, and means whereby the closin ofV al operating circuit is depeneiitA 15. In a signaling system, the combination y net, and meansfor'opening and closing the moving said signal, connections between said,net,.and instrumentalities dependent on the aan the signal,

19. In a signaling system, the' combination 'with a track, of signal, asignale erating circuit carrying a current moving on, and connectionsbetween the drum and the armature of said electro-magnet 2. in asignaling system, the combination with a'traok, of a signal, a signaloperating circuit, an electro-magnetincludedin said f with a track, of asignal, a

circuit, an electro-magnet included therein,-

signal operating circuit, a motor for moving the signal includinga'shaft, a power wheel secured to said shaft, a depression in the sideof said power wheel, an eccentric on said shaft, a segmental portionsurrounding said eccentric and seated in said depression, andconnections between lsaid eccentric and-the armature oi the beforementioned electromagnet.

22. In a signaling system, the combination with a track, of a signaloperating circuit, an electro-magnct included in said signal operatingcluding a shaft, a power wheel xed thereon, a depression in the side ofsaid power wheel, a drum loosely mounted on said shaft and carrying aneccentric at the end thereof, a segmental portion surrounding saideccentric, seated in the before-mentioned depression and engaging therim thereof, and connections vbetween said drum and the armature of theaforesaid electro-magnet.

23. In a signaling system, the combination signal operating a -niotorfor moving the signal including a shaft., a power wheel fast t ereonhaving a depression in one side thereof, a drum loosely mountedon saidshalt and carrying an .eccentric at one end thereof, a segmentalportion'surrounding said eccentric, seated in the before-mentioneddepression and engaging the rimthcreof, a weighted arm attached to saiddrum, a second drum and connecting the same with the armature of thebefore-mentioned. electromagnet,

24. In a signaling system, the combination with a track, of a signal, asignal operating circuit, an electro-magnet included therein,

a motor for moving the signal including a shaft, a power wheel securedthereto, a de ression-m the side of said wheel, a drum ooe-ely mountedon said shaft and engaging circuit, a motor for moving the signal in armextending from said concia said depression, an eccentric operatedjbysaid drum, a segmental portion surroundin saidv eccentric and engagingthe rim of'sai secured to said arm'` andconnecting the s ame with thearmature of ythe above-referred to electro-magnet.

25. In a signaling system, the combination with a track, of a signal, asignal operating circuit, an electro-magnet included therein, a motorfor moving the signal including a shaft, a power wheel secured thereto,va depression in the side of said wheel, a drum oosely mounted on saidshaft and engaging said depression, an eccentric operated by said drum,a segmental portion surrounding said eccentric and engaging the rim ofsaid de ression, an arm securedto said drum, a rod) secured to said armand connecting same with the armature of the above-referred toelectro-magnet, and a cross-head adjustable on said connecting bar.

'deiression, an'arm secured to saiddrum, a

u o n I u 26. In a slgnalmg system, the combniltionwith a track, of asignal, a signal operating circuit, an electro-magnet included therein,a motor for moving the signal includingv a shaft, a power wheel securedthereto, av de- 1 ression in the side of said wheel, a drum ooselymounted on said shaft and engaging said depression, an eccentricoperatedby said drum, a segmental portion `surrounding said eccentricand engaging the rim'of said de ression,an arm secured to said drum,'arod` secured to said arm and connecting the same with the armature ofthe above-referred to electro-magnet,and means carried by said bar formaking and breaking said signal operating circuit.

27. ,ln a signaling system, the combinationl with a track, of a signal,a signal o erating circuit, an electro-magnet includedp within saidsignal operating circuit, 'a device inde.- pendent of the electro-r'said signal, o erating. instrumentalities connecting said' evice withthe armature of the beforementioned electro-magnet, and means carried bysaid connecting instrumentalities.

for making andbreaking the above-referred' to signal operating circuit.

28. In a signaling system, the combination with a track,of a signal, asignal operating circuit, an electroemagnet included. therein, a deviceindependent of said electro-magnet for movingthe signal, o eratingconnections between said device an the armature of the abovercferredtoelectro-magnet, a stationary contact in the signal operating circuit, amovable contact associated therewith, and means carried by the aforesaidoperating connections for permitting saidmovable contact to engage anddisengage said stationary contact.

29. In a signaling system, the combination` signal, y a signal operating,n

with a track, of a circuit, an electro-magnet included therein,

magnet for moving surI - a motorfor moving the signal including shaft, apower wheel mounted thereon, a drum loosely mounted on said shaft, anarm extending from said drum, a bar connecting said arnL with thearmature of the beforementioned electro-magnet, a stationary contact insaid signal operating circuit, a movable contact associated therewithand a means carried by the above-referred to communicating bar foralternately causing said movable contact to engage ,and disengage withsaid stationary contact.

, 30. .In a signaling system, the combination with a track, of a signal,a signal operating circuit, an electro-magnet included'therein, a motorfor moving the signal, o erating connections between said motor an thearmature of the before-mentioned electromagnet, instrumentalities formaking and `breaking said signal o erating circuit including a rockingmem er, an arm projecting upwardly therefrom, and constituting themovable contact, a second arm rojecting horizontally therefrom, andprovlded with a finger extending in the same direc-- tion beyond saidarm, a U shaped leaf having one leg secured to said horlzontallyprojecting arm and the other leg positioned eyond said horizontallyprojecting armV and engaging over said finger, `a stationary contactadaptedto be engaged by said u vwardly projecting arm ofthe rocking memer, and

means carried by the aforesaid connecting means between the armature andmotor for engaging under the upper le'g of said U Y shaped leaf andthereby ,rocking the movable contact.

8l. In a signaling system, the combination with a'track, o f a signal, asignal yoperating circuit, an electro-magnet included therein, a motorfor .moving the signal includinga shaft, a power .wheel fixed thereonand having a`depression in the side thereof, a'drnm loosely mountedonSaid shaft, and provided with an eccentric at one end thereof, asegmental portion surrounding said eccentric and seated in theabove-mentioned 'de res-/ sion to engage the rim thereof, a weig ted armattached to said drum, a second arm extending from said drum, a barconnecting said second arm with the armature of the before-mentionedelectro-magnet, and means for making and breaking said operatinglcircuit including a stationary contact, a rocking bar having an armprojecting inwardly therefrom and operatively associated 'with saidstationary contact and constituting the movable contact, a secondarmprojecting horizontall from' said rocking bar,.a finger extendingeyond said arm and in the same direction, a U shaped leafl havingone-legthereof secured to said second arm and the other ieg positioned beyondsaid arm and engaging over said finger, and an adjustable' cross-headcarried by -thejbefore-referred to l,a switch, a signal for said switcsaid cross-head carrying`azpin adapted to engage under the upper leg ofsaid U shaped leaf and rock lthe movable contact to break the circuit atthe instant that the armature touches the core ofthe electro-magnet. Y

32.` In a signaling system, the combination with a-'track, of a signal,.asignal-,oper- 4ating circuit,l an electro-magnet included therein, amotor for moving the signal including a shaft, a powerwheeliixedfthereon, means for moving said power wheel compris-1 ing adrum, connections between said'drim and the armatureofthebefore-mentioned electro-magnet wherebyJto move the same uponattraction of the armature, means for breaking said signal .operatingcircuitfandtherebyreleasing thezarmature, and a weighted arm secured tosaiddrum for throwing the same when said armature has been released.

33. In alsignaling system, the combination with a track, of a signal, asignal operating circuit, an electro-magnet included' therein, a motorfor moving the signal includ- A 'ing'.a shaft, a power wheel fixedthereon-and 90 having a4 depression inl the side thereof, a i drumloosely mounted on said shaft, an eccentric surrounding the end of saiddrum, a segmental portion loosely engaging said ec- `centric and seatedAin said depression of the power wheel, 'connections between said drumand' the'farmature of said electro-magnet, means for breaking saidsignal operating circuit and releasing said 'armature thereby, and aWeighted arm secured to 'saiddrum for moving the same upon such-releaseof the armature. i

34, In a signalingsystem, the -combination with a track, of a s1gnal,asignal circuit,

' ,l a switchsignal-circuit l connected between 'the first mentionedsignal circuit and ground, said switch signal being controlled bytheposition of the aforesaid switch.

35. Ina signaling system, the combination with a track, of a signal,asignal circuit, a switch, a signal for said switch, aswitchsignal-circuit connected between the zfirst Imentioned signalcircuit` and ground, and means for controlling the switch signalincluding a bar connecting the movable member of ,said switch with arotatable post, a head slidable upon saidl 0st,' and avcontact membercarried by said s idable head.

l 36. In a signaling system, the combination with a track, of a signal',a signal circuit, a switch, a signal for said switch, -aswitchsignal-circu'it connected between the firstl mentioned signalcircuit and ground, and means for controlling the switch signalincludingabar connecting the movable member of 'said' switch wi'th al rotatablepost, meansfor locking said post in several posiconnecting bar,

tions, ,and a contact movable in accordance with s uch positions. y l130 37. In a signaling system, the combina- 'tion with a track, of asignal, a signal circuit,

4signal-circuit connected between tlie'irst mentioned signal circuit andground, and means for controlling tlie switch signal including a barconnecting the movable meniber of said switch with a rotatable post, ahead slidable upon said post, and a contact carried by said head andadapted to close said sWitcli-signal-circuit.

39. In a signaling system, tlie combination with a track, of a signal, asignal circuit, a 'ii-itch, a signal for said switch, a switchsigi.l-circuit connected between the rsi ment oned signal circuit and ground,means for operating the switchA including a body portion, a postextending vertical through and rotatable therein, a disk-like me .nbersecured to the bottom of said post, a

ating circuit.

bar connecting said disk-like member and the movable part of saidswitch, an angular' portion on the upper end of said post, a head Islidable upon said angular portion and engaging a similarly shapedrecess in the upper part of the body portion, a lever connected with thcsliilable head, a horn-sha ed meniber carried bysaid head and provi( edwith a contact adaptedv yto.' close the aforementioned switch-signalcircuit.

40. In a signaling system, the combination with a track, of a'trackcircuit therefor, of a signal, a signal operating circuit, an electro-'magnet in said track circuit, an armature therefor controlling pairs ofcontacts and instrumentalities whereby the operation of the l' armatureof said electro-inagnet, dependable upon the conditions of the trackcircuit, shall affect said signal operating circuit.

41. In a signaling system, the combination 4ivitli a track, of a. trackcircuit, an electromagnet included therein, an armature tliereforcontrolling pairs of contacts a signal, a signal operating circuit, andiiisti'uiiieiitalities operated by the ai'iiiature of said electromagnetfor directing tlie current in said signal operating circuit.

42. In a signaling system, the combination with a track, of a trackcircuit, of a signal, a signal operating circuit, and an instrumentincluding pairs of Icontacts under the control Aof said track circuitfor eilectiiig proper movement of the current in the signa oper- 43.' Ina signaling system, the combination with a track, ot a track circuit, anelectromagnet Within said. circuit, a movable bar y, therel signals forsaid sub-blocks, a signal operating circuit therefor, movable barscontrolled by the position of the armature of said electroniagnets,pairs of spring-contact-inembers under control of said movable bars,circuits including said spring contact members whereby to direct themovement ol the cur-. rent in said signal operating circuit, and meansfor Vprevei'iting simultaneous operainoveinent of both of thecontrolling bars.

45. In a signaling system, t e caiiibination with a track,- of' asub-block therein, a subblock circuit Within said sub-block, anelectro-magnet included in said sub-block circuit, a movable, bar'controlled by the position of the armature of said electro-magnet,studs carried by said bar, a lurality of stationary spring-contact-memers, movablecontact-members adapted to be engaged by said studs, anllqcircuits arranged to be closed upon the ope ation of said movablecontactmembers.

46. In a signal-ing system, the combination With a track, of a sub-blocktherein, a subblock circuit 'Within said sub-block, an electro-magnetincluded in said sub-block cired to be engaged by the armature of saidelectro-magnet, a link ivoted at one end to the lower extremity oisidbar and at the other end to a stationary part of the frame, a slottedportion at the other end of said bar, studs u on the bar, a pivotedarin, a stud carried y the shoulder portion thereof, a pin upon tbefore-arm of said arm and engaging said slotted portion of thebefore-mentioned bar, a plurality of stationary-contact-meinbers, and aplurality of movablev spring-contact-members adapted to be engaged brthe studs upon said movable bar and the s oulder portion of saidpivoted ar-in, and circuits in which said contact-members are included.47. In a signaling s stem, the combination with a track, of signalsalong-side said track, and atell-tale-signal-and-station-signal-controlling means arranged betweentwo sigsaid signals.

4S. In a signaling system, the combination with frtrack, of signalsalong-side said track, l a signal operating circuit, and atell-tale-sigl nal-and-station--signal-controlling-means potion of thespring-contatit-members upon cuit, a movable bar, a'seat on said baradapt-l magnets included in said sub-block circuits,

Iii)

nals, and both manual and automa-tic instruiiientalities tor controllingthe operation of" eea-ere p signals, and inc uding an electro-magnet forYeach signal, a tell-tale-signal under tire control of eachelectro-magnet and an audible alarm operable inconnection therewith.l

50. In a signaling system, the combination .with a'track, of signalsalong-side said track,

a tell-tale-signal-and-station-signal-control-l ling-means for settingthe signals at safety position or danger position regardless of theconditions ordinarily controlling the signal operating circuit.

51. In a signaling system, the combination with a track, of signalsalong-side said track, atell-tale-signal-and-station-signal-controlling-meanspositionedintermediate two signals and including a pair of rotatable posts capableof movement to positions such that the signal for such post will operateautomatically, or will at once be set to "danger" position, or that abeli associated with said telltale signal and stationsignalcontrollingmeans will ring upon danger conditions in thecorresponding portion of the track, and means for preventing thesimultaneous movement of the posts t0 the position resulting inautomatic operation of the signals.

52. In a signaling system, the combination with a track, signalsalong-side said track, a telltale signaland station-signalcontrolling-means positioned intermediate two signals and means forgroundin the signal o erating current between each signal and t etell-tale-signal-and-station-signal-controllin -means 53. n a signalinsystem, the combination with a track, signa s along-side said track, a

. tell-tale signaland station signal controlling-means positionedintermediate two signals and including a rotatable post, a seg- 1vmental contact member secured to said post,

a stationary contact constantly in engagement with said segmentalcontact member 54. In a signalin and a second stationary'contact adaptedto ,be disengaged /from said segmental contact member when the sa'me ismoved to one of its positions. y f G system, the combination vwitha'track, signals aiong-side said track, a tell-tale signal and stationsignal controlling-means positioned intermediate two =signals andincluding a rotatable post, a segmental contact upon said post, adisk-contact-member upon said post, and spaced from said segmentalcontact-member, and

stationary contacts for engaging the before- A mentioned segmentalcontact member and disk-.contact-member.

es' 55. In a signaling system, the combination ling-means positionedinterme iate two signals and including a post, a disk-like contactmember secured to said post, said disk contact member being providedwith three contact sections, and stationary contact members engagingeach of said contact sections.

56. In a signaling system, the combination With a track, of signalsalong-side said track, a tell-t'ale-signal-and-station-signalcontrolling-means positioned intermediate said signals, and including arotatable post, a disklike contact member secured thereto and dividedinto several contact sections, and a stationary forked shaped springcontactmember engaging said disk and having one of the arms of said forkconstantly in engagement with one section of' said ydisk contact member,and the other varm of said forkshaped spring-contact-mcmbcr adapted toalternately engage one of two sections of said disk contact member.

57. In a signaling system, the combination with a track, of signalsalong-side said track, atell-tale-signal-and-station-signal-controlling-means positionedintermediate said signals, and including a rotatable post, a segmentalcontact member secured to said post, a pair of stationaryspring-contact-members, one constantly in engagement with saidsegmentalcontact member, and the other disengaged therefrom intheposition oi the post, a disk contact member secured to said post andspaced from said segmental contact member, said disk contact member'being divided into a plurality of contact sections, and stationarycontact members in engagement with each of said sections.

58. In a signaling-s stem, the combination with a track, of signa salong-side' said track, telltale-s igual-and station signal controllingmeans positioned intermediate two signals and including a rotatablepost, asegmental contact member on said post, a pair of spring-contacts,one constantly in en agement with said segmental portion an the otherdisengaged therefrom in one position of the post, a disk contact memberon said post and spaced from said segmental contact member, said diskcontact member being divided into a plurality ot' contact sections, anda pair of fork-shaped spring-contact members engaging said sections, theshorter arms of said fork-shaped contact members being constantly inengagement with one of said sections ofthe disk contact member, and theother of the arms of said fork-shaped contact members being adapted toenfra e eitherrot two of the sections of said dislisha ic saine. y

59. The combination with a track divided into blocks and sub-blocks, ofindependent circuits for each sub-block, of a signal oper- 121iV .-actmember upon rotation 'of the den cenere s wheel, for moving said signal,and means dforgiving an intermittent actuation to said l motor by meansof the continuous current 'in the signaling operating circuit, saidsignal being returned to normal position by the action of gravity. A

66. ln a signalingsystem, the combination. with a track, of a trackcircuit, a signal, a signal operati movingV always 1n the samedirection, an electro-magnet included within said signal operatingcircuit, and a motor removed from said electro-magnet a d connected tothe armature thereof.

67. ln a signaling system, the combination with. a trac of a trackcircuit, a signal, a signal operating circuit carrying a current movingalways in the same direction, an electro-magnet inclu-ded in said signaloper ating circuit, a motor, including a wheel, for moving the signal,and connections between said motor and the armature of thebeorementioned electro-magnet. u

68. In a signaling system, the combination with a'traclr, of a trackcircuit, a' signal,'a signal operating circuit, an electro-magnetincluded in said signal motor, including a wheel nal, connectionsbetween the motor and the armature ofthe aforesaid electro-magnet andmeans for opening andA closing said signal operating circuit.

Ina signaling system, the combination with a track, of -a track circuitLa signal, a signal o ierating circuit, an electro-magnet, includedtinsaid signal operating circuit, a device, including a wheel, for movingthe signal, connections between the device and the armature of theaforesaid electronnagnet, and instrumentalitiesf dependent on the-movement of said armature for opening' and closing said'signaloperating circuit.

ating circuit including an element of each im l dependent circuit, acurrcntdirccting bistro,nr ment included within said signal circuit, andmeansy controlled by each su lblock circuit for governing saidLinstrrli'nent. l 60. The combination with, a *ti-aofi divided l intoblocks and' sub-b1ocks, of a signal operi ating circuit including anelement of each independent circuit, a current-directing in- "strumentincluded within said signal operating circuit and comprising a luralityof contacts, and means controllo by each subblock circuit for openingcertain of said con tacts and closing other of said contacts.

61. The combination with a track divided into blocks and sub-blocks, ofa signal operating circuit including an element of each independentcircuit, A a current-directing instrument included within saidsignal-operatl ing circuit and comprising a plurality ciprimary andsecondary contacts arranged to be' alternately opened and closed uponvarying conditions of the sub-biock circuits.

62. lIn a lsignaling system, the conibination with a track, of a signalplaced alongside said track, a motor for moving said sional including ashaft and "a wheel` iixcd t ereon, said signal beingretuimedtc' normalposition bly the action of gravity, alcircuit adapted to c ose and.operate a signal upenn train or other moving body u on the track, a stationary contact in sai circuit and a' movable contact for engagementtherewith and controlled by the laforesaid wheel.-

63. ln a signaling system, the combina tion with a track,- 'oa signalmovable to two indicating positionaa signal operating cir-- cuit,` anintermittently' actuated motor for moving said signal from one positionto the other,k and means for giving. such intermittentactuation to said'ino't'or by means of a current moving always in the same direction inthe signal'operatin Vcircuit said signal be- 70. In a signaling system,the combination ing returned to norma position by the action [l withtrack, of a signe-l, and a continuously, of gravity.. intermittentlystep-by-step operated motor 64. In a i for moving the signal 'in onedirection said sigtion with a t nal beinor returned to normal positionby the ing circuit, an electro-magnet included thereaction oll gravity.I

, in, a motor for moving the signal including a 71. ln a signalingsystemhtlie combination 50 wheel, operating connections between saidwith a track, of a signal; and a continuously` motor and the armature ofthe above referred step-by-step operated electric motor for movtoelectro-magnet, astationary contact in the I ing the signal in onedirection said signal be' signal operating circuit, a movable contacting returned to normal position by the action.

associated therewith, and means carried by 1 of ravity.

the aforesaid operating'connectionsfor perlgn testimony whereof, I afiixmy signature,

iitting said giovab'le contact to engage and in the' presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

lisen a e sai stationary contact. s t

'65.glil a signaling device, the c mbination JOSEPH Munnik with a track,of a signal, a signa operating ec circuit having a continuous currentpassing therethrough when closed, a motor including tor moving thesigsignaling system, the combinan rack, of a signal, a signal operat-Witnesses:

F. TETREAU, JAS. P. DENT.

ng circuit carrying a current operating circuit, a

lili) iro

